Ezimbonini eziningi zomkhakha ezifana nokukhiqiza izinsiza, ukukhiqiza izintambo nezintambo, kanye nezindiza, ukuhlela ngokunembile izintambo zensimbi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo. Kusukela ezimpahleni zansuku zonke ezifana nezikhonkwane nezintambo zensimbi kuya ezintambo ze-copper ezincane kakhulu kumadivayisi kagesi aphezulu kanye nezintambo zensimbi ezinamandla aphezulu zokwakha imishini—inqubo yokwakha lezi zintambo zensimbi ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene nezici ixhomeke kudivayisi eyinhloko: umshini wokudonsa izintambo. Ngokuqhuba isicelo sesayensi sokusebenza kwemishini kanye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, imishini yokudonsa izintambo iguqula ama-rod ensimbi amakhulu abe yimikhiqizo ephelile ebonakaliswa ngezilinganiso ezincane, ukunemba okuphezulu, kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Iziqondiso zazo zokusebenza zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuningi obufaka phakathi ukuguqulwa kwezinsimbi, ukudluliswa kwemishini, kanye nokulawula ukunemba, okwenza kube imishini ebalulekile emkhakheni wokukhiqiza wezobuchwepheshe besimanje.

I. Umgomo Osemqoka: Ukusetshenziswa Kwezobuchwepheshe Kwe-Plastic Deformation Umsebenzi oyisisekelo wemishini yokudonsa intambo usebenzisa izici ezihlukile zokuguqulwa kwe-plastic kwezinto zensimbi. Ngokufaka amandla okudonsa angaphandle, kufezwa “ukunciphisa ububanzi nokwandisa ubunzima” kwintambo. Lapho ibhekene namandla okudonsa angaphakathi adlula amandla ayo okuphuma, izinto zensimbi ziba nokuguqulwa okungapheli ngaphandle kokuphuka. Ngesikhathi salolu hlelo lokuguqulwa, isakhiwo se-crystalline sangaphakathi sensimbi sikhula futhi sithuthukiswa. Lokhu akunciphisi kuphela indawo yokcross-sectional futhi kwandisa ubude bentambo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu izici zayo zomshini ezifana namandla nobunzima ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuphela kwesurface. Lolu hlelo luhambisana nomthetho wokugcina ivolumu: umkhiqizo wendawo yokcross-sectional nobude bentambo enkulu ufana nomkhiqizo wendawo yokcross-sectional nobude bentambo ephelile. Isibonelo, ukudonsa intambo yensimbi enkulu enobubanzi be-6mm ibe intambo encane enobubanzi be-3mm kwandisa ubude bayo kube izikhathi ezine zokuqala (indawo yokcross-sectional iyalingana nesikwele sobubanzi). Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphuka kwentambo okubangelwa ukugxila kwengcindezi, imishini yokudonsa isebenzisa ukuklama okukhethekile kwe-die okukhombisa “i-angle ye-working cone.” Lokhu kuvumela intambo ukuthi idlule ekuguqulweni okuqhubekayo ukusuka kokukhulu kuya kokuncane, ihl distribute ingcindezi ngokulinganayo futhi iqinisekise ukuzinza kuyo yonke inqubo yokwakha.

II. Isakhiwo Esiyinhloko: Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zisebenza Ngobumbano

Umshini wokudonsa wire ophumelelayo ungumsebenzi wezobunjiniyela lapho izingxenye eziningi ezisebenzayo zisebenzisana. Nakuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zomshini (isb. ezihambayo, eziphakeme, ezijolile) zikhombisa umehluko omncane kwesakhiwo, izingxenye zazo ezisemqoka zabelana ngengqondo efanayo yokusebenza. Ukuthatha umshini wokudonsa wire ohambayo osebenzisa kakhulu njengomfanekiso, izingxenye zawo ezisemqoka zihlaziywa ngezansi:

(1). Idivayisi Yokukhokha: I-“Source Assurance” yokukhipha okuqinisekile

Njengoba kuyindawo yokuqala yomshini wokudonsa izintambo, idivayisi yokukhipha ikakhulukazi iqukethe isikhungo se-I-beam reel kanye nomlawuli wokucindezela. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvikela i-I-beam reel efakwe intambo yensimbi enobukhulu, ilawula isivinini sokukhulula intambo kanye nocindezelo nge-mlawuli wokucindezela. Lokhu kuvimba ukuhlanganiswa, ukujolisa, noma ukwehla kocindezelo ngesikhathi sokukhipha, kuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokwakha ezizinzile ezinqubweni zokudonsa ezilandelayo. Izilungiselelo zocindezelo zeqembu lokukhipha zihluka ngokuya ngempahla yentambo: - Izintambo eziqinile (isb. intambo yensimbi) zidinga ucindezelo oluphakeme kancane ukuvimbela ukuhamba okweqile ngesikhathi sokukhipha. - Izintambo ezithambile (isb. intambo ye-copper) zidinga ucindezelo oluphakathi ukuvimbela ukuwa kwentambo.

(2). Wire Drawing Dies: I-“Core Gate” ye-Wire Forming I-wire drawing dies yizinto ezibalulekile ezinqumayo ububanzi, ukunemba, kanye nekhwalithi yendawo ye-wire eqediwe, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi “inhliziyo” yomshini wokudonsa i-wire. Uhlaka lwabo lwaphakathi ngokuvamile luhlukaniswe ngezindawo ezintathu: i-cone yokungena, indawo yokusebenza, kanye ne-cone yokuphuma. I-cone yokungena iqondisa i-wire kahle ngaphakathi kwe-die. I-working band iyindawo eyinhloko lapho kwenzeka khona ukuguqulwa kwe-plastiki, enezikhala zayo ezinqumayo ububanzi be-wire eqediwe. I-cone yokuphuma yehlisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-wire ne-die, ivimbela ukugxekwa kwendawo. Izinto ze-die zihluka ngokuya ngohlelo lwe-wire kanye nezidingo zokunemba: - Kwama-wire anzima afana ne-iron noma i-steel, ama-carbide dies avame ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yokumelana kwawo okuphezulu nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukuze processing ama-wire athambile afana ne-copper noma i-aluminium, noma ama-wire anembile kakhulu, ama-diamond dies avame ukusetshenziswa. Ukuphuma kwawo okuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-wire okunembile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-working cone angle ye-die kumele ilungiswe ngokuya ngezici ze-wire, ngokuvamile ibanga phakathi kuka-12° no-18° ukuze kuhlangabezane nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kanye nekhwalithi ye-wire.

(3). Umshini Wokudonsa: I-“Core Engine” Yokukhipha Amandla

Idivayisi yokudonsa inikeza amandla aqhubekayo, azinzile wokudonsa wire, ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa amavolo okudonsa kanye nezindlela zokudlulisa. Ngokulungisa ijubane le volo yokudonsa uma kuqhathaniswa nejubane le pay-off, umthwalo we-axial ubekwa kwi-wire, okwenza kube nokuguqulwa kwe-plastic ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ye-die. Ukuqina kokujikeleza kwe-divayisi yokudonsa kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokudonsa i-wire. Ukushintsha okweqile kwejubane kuholela ekutheni umthwalo we-wire ungabi nembile, kuholela ekwehlukaniseni ububanzi noma ukuphuka. Ngakho-ke, imishini yokudonsa i-wire yanamuhla ikakhulukazi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula ijubane eliguquguqukayo ukuze kufezwe ukulawulwa kwejubane lokujikeleza okunembile.

(4). Uhlelo Lokupholisa Nokunisela: I “Key Support” Ezinzile

Ngesikhathi sokudonsa izintambo, amandla okuguqula ngaphakathi kwensimbi aguqulwa abe ukushisa kwangaphakathi, okwenza ukuthi izinga lokushisa lentambo likhule. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuxhaphaza phakathi kwentambo ne-die kusheshisa ukugqokwa kwe-die futhi kuthinta ikhwalithi yobuso bentambo. Uhlelo lokupholisa nokunisela lufeza imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko ngokuphindaphindiwe kuphonsa uwoyela odonsayo (noma i-emulsion) ezindaweni zokudonsa nasezintambeni: Okokuqala, ukupholisa nokwehlisa izinga lokushisa kuvimba ukuthambeka kwentambo ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu, kugcine izakhiwo zayo zomshini. Okwesibili, ukunisela nokwehlisa ukuxhaphaza kunciphisa ukuthintana phakathi kwentambo nezindawo zokudonsa, kuthuthukisa impilo yesevisi ye-die. Okwesithathu, ukuhlanza nokuvikela ukugqwala kususa udoti lwensimbi olwakhiwe ngesikhathi sokudonsa ngenkathi kuvikeleka entambeni ekugqwaleni.

Izimboni ezahlukene zinezimfuneko ezihlukene zokudweba amafutha: umkhakha wezinsiza ophatha izintambo zensimbi nezensimbi udinga amafutha anokuphakama kokuvunguza, amafutha aphezulu okuphikisana nokugqwala; kanti umkhakha wezintambo nezintambo ophatha izintambo zensimbi nezensimbi udinga amafutha aphansi kokuvunguza, amafutha aphezulu okucacisa ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamafutha okuthinta ukujova kokuvikela okulandelayo.

(5). Izinhlelo Zokuhlola Nokulawula Okunembile: Umugqa "Wokuvikela Ohlakaniphile" Wokwazisa Ikhwalithi

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunembeka kwemikhiqizo ye-wire ephelile, imishini yokudonsa i-wire yesimanje ivamise ukuhlinzekwa ngezinhlelo zokuhlola nokulawula eziku-inthanethi. Izinsiza zokuhlola ububanzi (isb. ama-laser diameter gauges) zihlola ububanzi be-wire ngesikhathi sangempela. Uma izilinganiso zidlula imikhawulo evumelekile (ngokuvamile ±0.02mm), uhlelo lukhumbuza futhi luma ukusebenza, kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba balungise ngokushesha ama-dies noma iz parametrs zokucubungula. Izinhlelo zokulawula ukucindezela zisebenzisa ama-sensors ukuze zihlale zihlola ukwehla kokucindezela ngesikhathi sokukhipha, ukudonsa, nokuthatha, zishintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ijubane lezingxenye ukuze kuvinjelwe i-wire ukuba ibe buthaka kakhulu (okwenza kube nezinkinga) noma ibe qinile kakhulu (ukuphuka). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye imishini yokudonsa i-wire ephezulu ifaka izinhlelo zokulawula ikhompyutha ezivumela ukugcinwa, ukubuyiselwa, nokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwez parametrs zokucubungula, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza nokuhambisana komkhiqizo.

(6). Umshini Wokufaka Imicu: Isinyathelo Sokugcina Esikhiqizwayo Ekugcineni Kwemikhiqizo

Ithuluzi lokuphonsa izintambo ligcwalisa kahle izintambo ezihudulwe futhi ezakhiwe ezindaweni ezibukeka njenge-I ukuze kube lula ukuzigcina, ukuhamba, nokucubungula okulandelayo. Isivinini sayo sokujikeleza kumele sihambisane nezinsiza zokudonsa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulingana kokucindezela izintambo nokuphonsa okuhlelekile. Ngokwespecifics nezicelo zezinhlaka, izinsiza zokuthatha zingahlukaniswa zibe yizinsiza zokuthatha ezikhaleni, izinsiza zokuthatha ezindaweni, nezinye izinhlobo. Ezinye izinsiza zifaka futhi izinhlelo zokubeka izintambo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhleleka kokuphonsa.

III. Workflow: Ukuguqulwa Kwezinqubo Kusuka Kwezinhlaka Ezinzima Kuya Kwezinhlaka Ezincane

Ukuthatha ukudonsa intambo yensimbi—inqubo evamile embonini yezinsimbi—njengesibonelo, umsebenzi ophelele wemishini yokudonsa intambo ungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo eziyisithupha ezilandelayo, ezikhombisa kahle inqubo yokwakhiwa kwentambo:

(1). Ukulungiselela Izinto Zokwakha Nokukhulula

Faka i-spool equkethe intambo enezinhlaka ezinkulu (isb. 6mm ububanzi) ku-reel yokukhokha. Hlola ubuso bentambo ukuze ubone iziphazamiso ezifana nezikhala ezibonakalayo noma umhlwa. Faka ukuphela kwentambo phakathi komgibeli wokulawula ukucindezela, lungisa ukucindezela kube ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, bese uvula indlela yokukhokha ukuze uqinisekise ukukhululwa kwentambo okuhamba kahle ngaphandle kokuxhumana noma ukujolisa.

(2). Ukuhlinzwa Kwezingcezu Nokubeka

Sebenzisa idivayisi yokudonsa, hamba ukuphela okukodwa kwewaya kuya kudivayisi yokudweba. Faka ngokulandelana emnyango we-cone ye-die, ibhendi yokusebenza, kanye ne-cone yokuphuma. Qinisekisa ukuthi iwaya ihambisana ne-axis ephakathi kwe-die ukuze ugweme ukwehluka kwedijithi noma izikhala zephephabhuku ezidalwe ukungahambisani. I-aperture ye-bhendi yokusebenza ibekwe ngaphambi kokuhlelwa ngokuya ngezidingo zomkhiqizo ophelile (isb., 3mm idijithi).

(3). Inqubo Yokudweba Eqhubekayo

Vula idivayisi yokudonsa, okwenza ukuthi iwheel yokudonsa ijikeleze ngesivinini esibekiwe. I-differential yesivinini ifaka amandla okuhlinzeka aqinile ku-waya. Phakathi kwalokhu kukhukhuleka, i-waya ingena endaweni yokusebenza ye-die lapho isikhala sayo sokuqala sithambile, kancane kancane sinciphisa ukusuka ku-6mm kuya ku-3mm ngenkathi sikhula. Le nqubo ithuthukisa isakhiwo se-crystalline sangaphakathi se-metali, ithuthukisa amandla nokhardness yayo. Phakathi kwalesi sikhathi, isenzo sokukhawulela se-die siqinisekisa ukujula nokunemba kwewaya.

(4). Ukupholisa Nokunisela Ukwelashwa

Ngesikhathi sokudweba, uhlelo lokupholisa lokunisela luhlala luphonsa uwoyela wokudweba emgodini nasentambo. Lo moyela uphumeza ngokushesha ukushisa okwenziwa yentambo nomgodi, wehlisa izinga lokushisa lentambo. Ubuye wakhe ifilimu kawoyela phakathi kwentambo nomgodi, wehlisa ukungqubuzana nokugqoka ngenkathi ehlanza ama-burrs ensimbi ebusweni bentambo ukuze kugcinwe ukuphela kobuso.

(5). Ukuhlolwa KwezeMali Okunembile Umshini wokuhlola ububanzi uqapha njalo ububanzi bomugqa ngemuva kokudonsa, uqhathanisa idatha ethathwe neziqondiso ezibekiwe. Uma ukwephula ububanzi kungaphakathi kwemikhawulo yok tolerance, imishini iqhubeka nokusebenza. Uma ukwephula kudlula izinga (isb., ukudlula 3.02mm noma ukuwa ngaphansi kuka 2.98mm), uhlelo lukhumbuza ngokushesha futhi luyavala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Abasebenzi kumele bahlolisise ukugqokwa kwemould, ukuzinza kokucindezela, nezinye izinto ngaphambi kokuthi baqale kabusha imishini ngemuva kokuxazulula inkinga.

(6). I-Wire Storage Ephelile I-waya yensimbi ephelile ihlola ngaphambi kokuthi igxilwe kumarhasi anjenge-I nge-device yokuthatha. Ngesikhathi sokugxila, umshini wokuhola waya uqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwewaya, uvimbela ukuhlanganiswa noma ukujolisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukujolisa okuhle nokulinganayo. Uma i-spool igxilwe ngokuphelele, imishini iyama ngokuzenzakalelayo. I-spool entsha ibekwa ukuze kuqhubeke nokukhiqiza. I-waya ephelile egxilwe ingasetshenziswa ngqo ezinyathelweni zokucubungula ezilandelayo ezifana nokusika, i-electroplating, nokugoba.

IV. Ukudweba Okuningi: Isixazululo Sokwakha I-Wire Eyinqwaba Ngesikhathi sokudweba i-wire eyinhloko ibe imikhiqizo emincane kakhulu (isb., i-copper noma i-steel wire engaphansi kuka-0.5mm ububanzi), ukudweba okukodwa kuthinta kakhulu ukuguqulwa okweqile okuholela ekuphukeni kwe-wire nasekunciphiseni ukunemba. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kudingeka inqubo yokudweba eqhubekayo enezinyathelo eziningi. I-wire idlula ngokulandelana ezindaweni eziningi ezineziqu ezincane, ifinyelela esigabeni esithile sokuguqulwa (ngokuvamile ukuncipha okungu-10%-15% ngenyathelo) kuze kufinyelelwe kububanzi obuhlosiwe.

Isibonelo, ukunciphisa intambo ye-copper enobubanzi obuyi-5mm ibe ububanzi obuphansi obuyi-0.3mm kudinga izigaba zokudonsa eziyi-10-12. I-aperture yokuqala ye-die ingu-4.5mm, eyesibili ingu-4.0mm, nokunye, lapho i-aperture yokugcina ye-die ingu-0.3mm. Ngesikhathi sokudonsa okuningi, wonke umjikelezo kumele ube nehlelo lokupholisa lokunamathisela kanye nomshini wokulawula umthwalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba okufanayo nokulawula okuqinile phakathi kwazo zonke izigaba, kuvinjezelwe ukwephuka kokukhathala ngesikhathi sokudonsa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijubane lokujikeleza lamawhili wonke wokudonsa emshinini wokudonsa okuningi kumele lihambisane ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ijubane lokudonsa eliqhubekayo nelizinzile, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kanye nekhwalithi yobuso bentambo eqediwe.

V. Izinhlelo Zemboni Nezindlela Zobuchwepheshe

(1). Izindawo Zokusebenza Eziyinhloko

Imishini yokudonsa izintambo isebenza ezimbonini eziningi, inezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucaciswa nezidingo zokusebenza zemikhiqizo yezintambo ezimbonini ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, izinqubo nezakhiwo zemishini yokudonsa izintambo zishintshwa ngokufanele:

Ibhizinisi Lezinto: Lisetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinto zensimbi zemikhiqizo efana nezikhonkwane, intambo yensimbi, inethi yensimbi, kanye nezixhumi. Lezi zicelo zidinga amandla aphezulu entambo kanye nokuphuma kwesurface okuphumelelayo. Ama-dies ngokuvamile enziwe ngensimbi ye-cemented carbide, futhi uhlelo lokupholisa lokunisela kumele lube nezici ezinamandla zokulwa nokugqoka.

Ibhizinisi Lezintambo Nezintambo: Iphrosesa izintambo zensimbi, i-aluminium, nezinye izintambo zokuhambisa ezidinga ukuhamba kahle kukagesi kanye nokunemba okuphezulu kwedijithi. Ama-diamonds dies kanye namafutha okudonsa anokuthamba aphakathi kokusetshenziswa ukuvimbela ukwehla kokuhamba kukagesi.

Umkhakha Wezindiza: Uhlelo lwezintambo ezikhethekile ezinamandla aphezulu, ezinembile njengezintambo zethayimiyamu. Kudinga izakhiwo zomshini ezizinzile kanye nokumelana okuqinile nokugqwala. Imishini yokudonsa kumele inikeze ukulawulwa okunembile okuphezulu kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zemvelo.

Imboni Yezinsiza Zokwelapha: Isebenza ngezintambo zensimbi engagqwali ezincane kakhulu nezintambo ze-titanium alloy zokusebenza kwezokwelapha nezokufaka. Iphakamisa ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kokuphakama, ukuphela kwendawo, kanye nokuhambisana nezinto eziphilayo, okudingeka izikhala ze-diamond ezinembile kakhulu nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezihlanzekile.

(2). Izinqubomgomo Zokuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe

Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kudinga ukunemba, ukusebenza kahle, nezindinganiso zemvelo eziphakeme, ubuchwepheshe bemishini yokudonsa intambo buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, bukhombisa ikakhulukazi lezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

Izinguquko Eziwusizo: Ukuhlanganisa i-IoT, idatha enkulu, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokwenziwa kobuhlakani ukuze kufezwe ukujwayeleka okuzenzakalelayo kwezimo zephrosesi, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela isimo semishini, kanye nezixwayiso zokuphazamiseka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokuhambisana komkhiqizo;

Ukulawulwa Kwe-High-Precision: Ukusebenzisa imishini yokuhlola ethuthukile efana nezilinganiso ze-laser diameter kanye nezinsiza zokuhlola umthwalo, kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokulawula ze-servo, ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kokuphakama kwe-wiri phakathi kuka ±0.001mm, kuhambisana nezidingo zezimboni ezisezingeni eliphezulu;

Ukusebenza Kwamandla & Ukuvikelwa Kwezemvelo: Ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokudlulisa ezisebenzisa amandla amancane kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa ezisebenzisa uwoyela, kanye nokusebenzisa amafutha okudweba angasetshenziswa futhi avikelayo emvelweni ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokungcoliswa kwemvelo;

Ukuklama Okumodular: Ukusebenzisa izakhiwo ezimodular ukuze kube lula ukugcina, ukuthuthukisa, nokukhiqiza ngokwezifiso, ukujolisa ezidingweni ezihlukahlukene zezimboni;

Ukufaneleka Kwezinto Eziningi: Thuthukisa izinqubo zokudonsa izintambo nezinsiza zokusebenza zezimbiwa ezikhethekile (isb. ama-alloy e-titanium, ama-alloy aphezulu okushisa, ama-composite), wandisa ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwemishini.

Isiphetho

Umsebenzi wezinsiza zokudonsa izintambo ubonakala ulula kodwa uhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokwakhiwa kwezinsimbi, ubunjiniyela bezinto, kanye nokulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo. Ngendlela yokusebenza yokuhlanganyela ye “die constraint + external force stretching + cooling lubrication + precision control,” ifinyelela ekuguqulweni kwezintambo zensimbi zisuka kokubanzi ziye kokuncane, zisuka kokuphansi ziye kokuphakeme, futhi zisuka kokujwayelekile ziye kokusebenza kahle. Njengemishini ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwezomnotho, izinga lobuchwepheshe bezinsiza zokudonsa izintambo libalulekile ekuthinteni ikhwalithi nokuncintisana kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi. Ngokuhanjiswa kwezitayela zobuchwepheshe ezihamba phambili, eziphezulu, ezisebenza kahle, kanye nokugcina imvelo, izinsiza zokudonsa izintambo zizodlula ezinguqulweni eziphindaphindiwe nezithuthukisiwe. Zizohlinzeka ngezixazululo ezinhle, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokucubungula izintambo ezimbonini ezahlukene, zikhuthaza intuthuko eqhubekayo yokukhiqiza kwanamuhla.